Welcome to Part 2 of the Nomadic Backpacker Guide: Mongolia series, where we continue to explore the wild beauty and unique culture of Mongolia. In Part 1, we covered essential tips for backpacking through Mongolia, focusing on transportation, accommodation, and basic cultural etiquette. Now, let’s dive deeper into the experience of traveling like a true nomadic adventurer.

In this part, we will discuss how to navigate Mongolia’s rugged terrain, practical packing tips, and how to respectfully engage with the local nomadic communities.

Navigating Mongolia’s Rugged Terrain

Mongolia is known for its vast, untamed landscapes—from the golden dunes of the Gobi Desert to the lush valleys of central Mongolia. Traveling across such diverse terrains can be daunting, but with some preparation, it can be one of the most rewarding experiences of your life.

1. Choosing the Right Route

Your route will largely depend on what you want to see. For a more cultural experience, focus on central Mongolia and the steppes, where you can visit Buddhist monasteries and interact with nomadic herders. For adventurers, the Altai Mountains in the west and the Gobi Desert in the south offer challenging landscapes and incredible scenery.

Some popular backpacking routes include:

• Gobi Desert Circuit: Explore the endless dunes, camel herds, and remote desert communities.
• Altai Mountains Trek: Ideal for those seeking a rugged adventure with breathtaking mountain views.
• Khangai Mountains and Orkhon Valley: Perfect for history buffs wanting to visit ancient cultural sites and monasteries.

Tip: Stick to well-known routes or hire a local guide, especially if you plan on venturing into more remote areas where navigating can be tricky.

2. Hitchhiking and Shared Rides

Public transportation outside the capital, Ulaanbaatar, is sparse, so most backpackers rely on hitchhiking or shared rides with locals. In Mongolia, hitchhiking is quite common, and it’s a great way to meet locals and immerse yourself in their lifestyle. However, always offer a small payment (fuel or food costs) as a sign of respect.

Nomadic Journeys also offers organized group trips and vehicle rentals for those wanting a more structured approach.

Packing Tips for Mongolia

Packing for Mongolia requires a balance between practical gear for survival and essentials for comfort. You’ll be encountering a wide range of climates, depending on where and when you travel. Here’s what you should pack:

1. Clothing for All Seasons

Mongolia’s weather can be unpredictable. You might experience sweltering heat in the Gobi Desert and freezing cold nights in the mountains, sometimes within the same day.

• Light layers for the daytime, including moisture-wicking shirts and lightweight pants.
• Warm layers for the evening, such as thermal tops, a fleece jacket, and a down jacket.
• Waterproof jacket: Mongolia’s summer brings rain showers, so it’s essential to stay dry.
• Hat and gloves: Essential, especially if you’re visiting during the spring or fall when temperatures drop sharply at night.

2. Footwear

Durable, waterproof hiking boots are a must for navigating Mongolia’s rugged terrain. Additionally, pack lightweight sandals for river crossings or to wear around campsites.

3. Camping Gear

If you plan on venturing into the wilderness or staying away from cities, you will need to be self-sufficient. Many areas are far from any modern amenities. Consider the following:

• Lightweight tent: Make sure it’s sturdy enough to handle windy conditions.
• Sleeping bag: A high-quality, four-season sleeping bag is essential, especially for camping in the mountains or desert.
• Camping stove and cookware: While you can buy food from local families, it’s wise to carry your own cooking equipment if you plan to camp in remote areas.
• Water filtration system: Mongolia has limited access to clean drinking water, so bring a portable filter or purification tablets.

Engaging with Local Nomads: Dos and Don’ts

One of the most memorable aspects of traveling through Mongolia is the chance to engage with nomadic families who still live traditional lifestyles. Their hospitality is legendary, but it’s important to understand the cultural norms and practices when staying in their homes.

1. Respect Local Customs

• Entering a Ger: When entering a ger (yurt), always walk clockwise around the space and avoid touching the center poles. Remove your hat as a sign of respect.
• Sharing Food: Nomads will likely offer you food, especially dairy products such as airag (fermented mare’s milk) or suutei tsai (salted milk tea). Even if you don’t like the taste, accept it politely and take at least a small sip or bite.
• Gifts: It’s customary to bring small gifts, such as sweets or household items, when staying with nomadic families.

2. Sustainable Tourism Practices

Mongolia’s pristine landscapes are fragile, and its nomadic culture is deeply tied to the land. As a traveler, it’s essential to minimize your impact.

• Use non-plastic water bottles: At Juulchin, we are committed to reducing plastic waste during our tours. We encourage travelers to bring reusable water bottles, and during our tours, we collect all waste and ensure it’s disposed of responsibly at local waste centers.
• Respect Wildlife: If you’re lucky enough to spot rare animals like the snow leopard, always keep your distance and avoid disrupting their natural habitats.
  

Recommended Eco-Friendly Tour Operators

For those wanting a more structured experience, several eco-friendly tour operators in Mongolia offer sustainable travel options while providing an authentic cultural experience. Look for companies that emphasize responsible travel, such as: Our company is committed to offering eco-friendly tours that respect Mongolia’s culture and environment. We take great care to ensure that our tours leave no trace on the environment.

Mongolia is one of the last true wildernesses left on earth, with a culture that has remained largely unchanged for centuries. By practicing responsible backpacking and respecting the land and its people, you can experience the adventure of a lifetime. Whether you're trekking across the steppes, riding horses through the mountains, or camping under the stars in the Gobi Desert, Mongolia offers an unparalleled journey for the nomadic backpacker.

In Part 3 of this series, we will explore Mongolia’s iconic landmarks and lesser-known hidden gems for those who wish to dive deeper into this remarkable country. Stay tuned!

This guide will not only prepare you for your next adventure in Mongolia but will ensure you travel responsibly, preserving the environment and respecting local customs. Safe travels, fellow nomads!